History & Body in Copper: Nari Ward at Lehmann Maupin Gallery

Installation view, "Nari Ward, Breathing Directions"

Installation view, “Nari Ward: Breathing Directions”

“Nari Ward: Breathing Directions” uses cryptic copper charts to bring the viewer bodily into an entanglement with history. The main room of Lehmann Maupin’s Chrystie Street gallery features three large cooper sheets with mottled surfaces at the far end, in front of which you encounter what appears to be another large copper sheet, flat and more clearly patterned than the others. In fact, this installation by Jamaican-born artist Nari Ward, entitled Ground (In Progress), consists of some hundred-odd bricks wrapped in copper sheeting that has been oxidized to different degrees to create patterns. Every day a different household item is laid on top and visitors are invited to walk on it to activate the space. It’s a subtly rickety, crinkly experience, and it changes my understanding of the panels hanging on the walls.

Breathing Panel: Oriented Center (2015)

Breathing Panel: Oriented Center (2015)

These vertical pieces, called “breathing panels,” are made of oak wood covered in a copper sheet, punctured with copper nails, and treated with a darkening patina. While you literally stand on Ground, you can discern the trace of footsteps in the work opposite, Breathing Panel: Oriented Center, where shoe imprints tend to hover around the mid-center, high diamond constellation of holes and raised nailheads. The artist applied a darkening agent to the bottom of his shoes and walked across the works to create their differing levels of oxidation. Footprints bring physical presence into the work, implicating our physical presence as well as the artist’s. Walking on the patterned bricks underscores how the wall works are not representational like a traditional photograph or formal exercises like an Abstract Expressionist painting. Rather, they create meaning through their materiality which invokes the body and particular historical circumstances.

Details, Breathing Panel: Oriented Center (2015)

Details, Breathing Panel: Oriented Center (2015)

In these works, Ward represents a facet of the Underground Railroad made known to him during a visit to a church in the South. At the First African Baptist Church in Savannah, Georgia, one can still find breathing holes in the floorboards. They were created to help escaping slaves hide underneath while on their journey north. The pattern of the holes refers to Congolese cosmograms, designs that Ward also saw in the church. To me, they also suggest constellations by which one can navigate. Ward refers specifically to navigation symbols in Ground, where the patterns are derived from instructive codes used in quilts that communicated directions north. Breathing holes, defunct secret symbols, and footprints signify a specific type of illicit migration, turned here into personal invitations to connect oneself bodily to that distant history, to hear the bated breath of a darkened room of waiting bodies, to search the sky and household tokens for direction.

Installation view, "Nari Ward: Breathing Directions"

Installation view, “Nari Ward: Breathing Directions”

“Nari Ward: Breathing Directions” is on view at Lehmann Maupin through November 1. A performance organized by the artist will take place in the gallery October 4, 2015 at 3PM.

Re-experiencing Bruce Nauman’s Live-Taped Video Corridor (1970)

Across the room, you see a long and tall plywood wall. This plywood wall that confronts you becomes the exterior as soon as you peer around its corner and learn that two such facing, parallel walls delimit a narrow interior space, a 30-foot white hallway. The structure appears as plain and self-evident as the plywood and plaster material the walls were made of, but at the end of the hallway you can see two boxy television monitors. They suggest that this space is something to be entered, that there is something to see at the end. And so, without instructions but at a loss for what else to do, you enter.

corridor-with-tv-bruce-nauman
Immediately, the space feels closer to your body than you would have imagined. Your peripheral vision is full of blank wall space stretching around and up above you. Moreover your hand inadvertently stretches out and brushes the dry plaster. So too could your hips and shoulder if you wanted them to, but instead you withdraw, sidle, protectively. You feel your feet fall, one after the other, and you can track your movement against the passing surface of the close walls. Your shoulder brushes the wall, and then your hip. It’s inevitable, and you continue forward, the only possible direction.

The physical sensation of passing through does not last long, no more than ten seconds, and even during it you are preoccupied by the glow of the two screens stacked on the floor at the far end. You quickly discover that the cold, bluish light illuminates a scenario uncannily similar to your own current situation. Long tunnel-like spaces are visible on both. But it is hard to understand what you see there, so much so that even though you have been staring at them on this walk down the corridor, when you get to the end you have to bend down to view them better.

Initially you wish to discard the bottom image by your feet; it’s merely an empty hallway, just like the one you saw before you walked down the corridor. But the top image by your knees doesn’t align with anything you saw; it contains a figure. It contains you—your clothed back and hairstyle. You turn; there is a camera on high at the far end of the corridor where you started. You look back at the monitor; there is the back of your head, your crouching form. You turn your head slightly; your head turns. If you turn further, you imagine your face would appear in the monitor, but you could no longer see it if your own gaze looks back down the hallway. How stupid, you think, as your stare at your back. That is indeed all there is to see. Not nearly as rewarding as your image from the front would seem, and strangely disorienting as you see yourself as if you were separate, other. Which of course you are not, as you were reminded by your physical journey down the corridor bumping into yourself at every step. Maybe even worse, as you look down again, you see a video of the empty corridor even as the presence of your feet in the same glance testify to your presence within it.

Bruce Nauman Live-Taped Video Corridor
This strange doubling (tripling?) of space, of a space with which you are so intimately familiar, runs counter to your physical experience of it, echoed by your thighs now urging you to stand up. The bottom because your lived experience of the corridor is of an inhabited one, and the top because your view was one of immersion and movement down the corridor. You thought you were penetrating the space rather than receding in it. There is some trickery afoot. While you now understand how the camera positioned at the beginning must logically film you from behind, there is no sense of discovery, as the illuminated screens promised, but rather a rebuff. The split-perception of the space suggested by the monitors deny the centrality on your viewpoint by not matching your own visual of the space. The upper monitor models a split sense of self, that is, a view of you from the outside in contrast to your own, formerly unselfconscious gaze as you walked down. The lower monitor eliminates you entirely. Instead of you, you see the long perspectival lines of the tunnel converging at the monitors. You recall what you saw when you stood at the entrance. Somehow your viewpoint has become a vanishing point, as what was once empty and distant but now inhabited and present still presents a mirage of emptiness. Despite the elision of these two oppositional points, the perspectival space still stands. Rather than reifying your gaze, this experience of Nauman’s corridor has obliviated it, and with it, something of your own personhood, so central is a viewpoint to one’s conception of self. Naturally, in such a situation, you choose self-preservation, and you begin to exit the disquieting environment.

When you turn your back to the monitors, you know you are turning your face to the camera directed at it, so that an image of your face is now staring at your back. But it is futile to try to turn and see yourself, for you will only disappear. So again, you walk down this narrow path, hemmed in by wall. You try to ignore, not be annoyed with, this live recording camera by reminding yourself that just as you can’t see it, nobody else can, since the corridor only allows for one and, for those who await their turn, your body blocks the view. Its utter futility makes you wonder why a live feed was set up in the first place. Clearly your presence was required to activate the space, and the perverse gazes of it, and there was no other way to experience it. Yet this surveillance is unwatchable by you, the only available watcher. Rather than having become enlightened by exploring the space, you have merely followed a proscribed path. But to what end, as an unhappy game? Or, did you merely became the figurative subject in someone else’s picture?

You step out; the space expands. You have achieved the exterior, normal world. You command the space with your vision, a vision that allows you to take in the other art objects in the room. Those long receding lines of the corridor again present the easy conquest of enterable space and the centrality of your view, as indeed you thought artworks traditionally did. And yet that disorienting experience suggests you were wrong to think you had so clearly apprehended the corridor at a glance. The suggestion of illumination on those glowing blue screens did not materialize. Other factors, of the body and of surveillance, came into play, but in ways that denied knowledge. You look back. Hauntingly, you know that the bottom screen still shows—now correctly—an empty hallway, even though you cannot see it perfectly from this distance. You reason that the other screen must now similarly and correctly display your erasure. A minor gain from the experience is that you have visualized your disappearance, a view that is, in fact, knowable without camera-aided vision or bodily perception, a view that you now possess again as you look back down the corridor. Somehow these technologies, which replicate and increase man’s visual capacities, have shown you not just the limitations of the knowledge they can create. They also show their ability to manufacture and extend blind spots, making you question whether the world as such does not play similar tricks.

 

Learn more about Live-Taped Video Corridor on the Guggenheim’s website.